Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Situation Summary
Source: CDC Center for Disease Control and Prevention, February 25th. 2020.
An outbreak of respiratory disease caused by a novel (new) coronavirus was first detected in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China and which has now been detected in 37 locations internationally. The virus has been named “SARS-CoV-2” and the disease it causes has been named “coronavirus disease 2019” (abbreviated “COVID-19”). On January 30, 2020, the International Health Regulations Emergency Committee of the World Health Organization declared the outbreak a “public health emergency of international concern” (PHEIC).
Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses that are common in many different species of animals, including camels, cattle, cats, and bats. Rarely, animal coronaviruses can infect people and then spread between people. Person-to-person spread has been reported outside China, including in the United States and other locations. In addition, other destinations have apparent community spread, meaning some people have been infected who are not sure how or where they became infected.
The fact that this disease has caused illness, including illness resulting in death, and sustained person-to-person spread is concerning. These factors meet two of the criteria of a pandemic. As community spread is detected in more and more countries, the world moves closer toward meeting the third criteria, worldwide spread of the new virus.
Widespread transmission of COVID-19 would translate into large numbers of people needing medical care at the same time. Schools, childcare centers, workplaces, and other places for mass gatherings may experience more absenteeism. Public health and healthcare systems may become overloaded, with elevated rates of hospitalizations. Health care providers and hospitals may be overwhelmed. At this time, there is no vaccine to protect against COVID-19. Global efforts at this time are focused concurrently on containing spread of this virus and mitigating the impact of this virus.